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Embryo-mediated genome editing for accelerated genetic improvement of livestock
Zachariah MCLEAN, Björn OBACK, Götz LAIBLE
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第7卷 第2期 页码 148-160 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019305
Selecting beneficial DNA variants is the main goal of animal breeding. However, this process is inherently inefficient because each animal only carries a fraction of all desirable variants. Genome editing technology with its ability to directly introduce beneficial sequence variants offers new opportunities to modernize animal breeding by overcoming this biological limitation and accelerating genetic gains. To realize rapid genetic gain, precise edits need to be introduced into genomically-selected embryos, which minimizes the genetic lag. However, embryo-mediated precision editing by homology-directed repair (HDR) mechanisms is currently an inefficient process that often produces mosaic embryos and greatly limits the numbers of available edited embryos. This review provides a summary of genome editing in bovine embryos and proposes an embryo-mediated accelerated breeding scheme that overcomes the present efficiency limitations of HDR editing in bovine embryos. It integrates embryo-based genomic selection with precise multi-editing and uses embryonic cloning with elite edited blastomeres or embryonic pluripotent stem cells to resolve mosaicism, enable multiplex editing and multiply rare elite genotypes. Such a breeding strategy would enable a more targeted, accelerated approach for livestock improvement that allows stacking of beneficial variants, even including novel traits from outside the breeding population, in the most recent elite genetic background, essentially within a single generation.
关键词: animal breeding cattle cloning CRISPR/Cas9 cytoplasmic injection embryo genome editing germline chimaeras HDR livestock improvement TALENs
Three-dimensional numerical simulation for plastic injection-compression molding
Yun ZHANG, Wenjie YU, Junjie LIANG, Jianlin LANG, Dequn LI
《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2018年 第13卷 第1期 页码 74-84 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0490-1
Compared with conventional injection molding, injection-compression molding can mold optical parts with higher precision and lower flow residual stress. However, the melt flow process in a closed cavity becomes more complex because of the moving cavity boundary during compression and the nonlinear problems caused by non-Newtonian polymer melt. In this study, a 3D simulation method was developed for injection-compression molding. In this method, arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian was introduced to model the moving-boundary flow problem in the compression stage. The non-Newtonian characteristics and compressibility of the polymer melt were considered. The melt flow and pressure distribution in the cavity were investigated by using the proposed simulation method and compared with those of injection molding. Results reveal that the fountain flow effect becomes significant when the cavity thickness increases during compression. The back flow also plays an important role in the flow pattern and redistribution of cavity pressure. The discrepancy in pressures at different points along the flow path is complicated rather than monotonically decreased in injection molding.
关键词: injection-compression molding simulation injection molding melt flow cavity pressure
null
《医学前沿(英文)》 2016年 第10卷 第3期 页码 311-319 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0460-0
We evaluated the roles of calpain cleavage-related mutations of the integrin β3 cytoplasmic tail in integrin αIIbβ3 bidirectional signaling using a trans-dominant inhibition model. Chimeric Tac-β3 proteins (i.e., Tac-β3, Tac-β3D741, Tac-β3D747, Tac-β3D754, Tac-β3D759, and Tac-β3DNITY) consisting of the extracellular and transmembrane domains of human IL-2 receptor (Tac) and the human integrin β3 cytoplasmic domain were stably expressed in the 123 CHO cells harboring human glycoprotein Ib-IX and wild-type integrin αIIbβ3. The different cells were assayed for stable adhesion and spreading on immobilized fibrinogen, and for binding soluble fibrinogen representing outside-in and inside-out signaling events, respectively. The chimeric protein Tac-β3 inhibited, and Tac-β3DNITY partially attenuated stable adhesion and spreading. Tac-β3, Tac-β3D759, Tac-β3DNITY, and Tac-β3D754, but not Tac-β3D747 or Tac-β3D741, impaired the soluble fibrinogen binding. Results indicated that the bidirectional signaling was significantly inhibited by Tac-β3 and Tac-β3DNITY, albeit to a much lesser extent. Moreover, only inside-out signaling was impaired in the 123/Tac-β3D759 and 123/Tac-β3D754 cells in contrast to an intact bidirectional signaling in the 123/Tac-β3D747 and 123/Tac-β3D741 cells. In conclusion, the calpain cleavage of integrin β3 resulted in the regulatory effects on signaling by interrupting its interaction with cytoplasmic proteins rather than altering its conformation, and may thus regulate platelet function.
关键词: integrin β3 signal transduction trans-dominant inhibition model
density measurement for plastic injection molding via ultrasonic technology
《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第17卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0714-2
关键词: ultrasonic measurement melt density in-situ measurement injection molding
Trend prediction technology of condition maintenance for large water injection units
Xiaoli XU, Sanpeng DENG
《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2010年 第5卷 第2期 页码 171-175 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0091-0
关键词: water injection units condition-based maintenance trend prediction
Intelligent methods for the process parameter determination of plastic injection molding
Huang GAO, Yun ZHANG, Xundao ZHOU, Dequn LI
《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2018年 第13卷 第1期 页码 85-95 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0491-0
Injection molding is one of the most widely used material processing methods in producing plastic products with complex geometries and high precision. The determination of process parameters is important in obtaining qualified products and maintaining product quality. This article reviews the recent studies and developments of the intelligent methods applied in the process parameter determination of injection molding. These intelligent methods are classified into three categories: Case-based reasoning methods, expert system-based methods, and data fitting and optimization methods. A framework of process parameter determination is proposed after comprehensive discussions. Finally, the conclusions and future research topics are discussed.
关键词: injection molding intelligent methods process parameters optimization
《能源前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第5期 页码 678-691 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0859-z
关键词: gasoline compression ignition injection strategy fuel stratification high efficiency high load
CO, N, and CO/N mixed gas injection for enhanced shale gas recovery and CO geological storage
《能源前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第3期 页码 428-445 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0865-9
关键词: shale gas gas injection competitive adsorption enhanced shale gas recovery CO2 geological storage
Experimental study of stratified lean burn characteristics on a dual injection gasoline engine
Chun XIA, Tingyu ZHAO, Junhua FANG, Lei ZHU, Zhen HUANG
《能源前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第6期 页码 900-915 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0812-6
关键词: dual injection stratified lean burn gasoline engine particulate matter emission combustion analysis
Treatment of gingival hyperplasia induced by cyclosporine A
MA Jingzhi, LI Ming, CAO Yingguang
《医学前沿(英文)》 2008年 第2卷 第3期 页码 290-294 doi: 10.1007/s11684-008-0055-5
关键词: post-transplantation Gingival cytoplasmic CsA-induced further
Thomas ELLINGHAM, Hrishikesh KHARBAS, Mihai MANITIU, Guenter SCHOLZ, Lih-Sheng TURNG
《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2018年 第13卷 第1期 页码 96-106 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0498-6
A three-stage molding process involving microcellular injection molding with core retraction and an “out-of-mold” expansion was developed to manufacture thermoplastic polyurethane into lightweight foams of varying local densities, microstructures, and mechanical properties in the same microcellular injection molded part. Two stages of cavity expansion through sequential core retractions and a third expansion in a separate mold at an elevated temperature were carried out. The densities varied from 0.25 to 0.42 g/cm3 (77% to 62% weight reduction). The mechanical properties varied as well. Cyclic compressive strengths and hysteresis loss ratios, together with the microstructures, were characterized and reported.
关键词: thermoplastic polyurethane microcellular injection molding cavity expansion compressive strength hysteresis loss ratio
欧长劲
《中国工程科学》 2007年 第9卷 第5期 页码 27-32
针对气辅注塑成形的注气压力精确控制要求,设计了具有5层结构的模糊神经网络控制器和控制算法,利用神经网络的学习能力实现对模糊逻辑规则的优化,改善了系统的适应性。对系统3段压力控制的仿真 分析,验证了模糊神经网络控制模型的可行性,控制效果良好。
Combustion characteristics of a direct-injection diesel engine fueled with Fischer-Tropsch diesel
HUANG Yongcheng, ZHOU Longbao, PAN Keyu
《能源前沿(英文)》 2007年 第1卷 第2期 页码 239-244 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0033-7
Biqiong Fu, Jie Yang, Jia Chen, Lirong Lin, Kehong Chen, Weiwei Zhang, Jianguo Zhang, Yani He
《医学前沿(英文)》 2019年 第13卷 第2期 页码 267-276 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0586-8
关键词: Shenkang injection senescence renal tubular epithelial cells diabetic nephropathy
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
Embryo-mediated genome editing for accelerated genetic improvement of livestock
Zachariah MCLEAN, Björn OBACK, Götz LAIBLE
期刊论文
Three-dimensional numerical simulation for plastic injection-compression molding
Yun ZHANG, Wenjie YU, Junjie LIANG, Jianlin LANG, Dequn LI
期刊论文
Roles of integrin β3 cytoplasmic tail in bidirectional signal transduction in a trans-dominant inhibition
null
期刊论文
Trend prediction technology of condition maintenance for large water injection units
Xiaoli XU, Sanpeng DENG
期刊论文
Intelligent methods for the process parameter determination of plastic injection molding
Huang GAO, Yun ZHANG, Xundao ZHOU, Dequn LI
期刊论文
methodology for regulating fuel stratification and improving fuel economy of GCI mode via double main-injection
期刊论文
Experimental study of stratified lean burn characteristics on a dual injection gasoline engine
Chun XIA, Tingyu ZHAO, Junhua FANG, Lei ZHU, Zhen HUANG
期刊论文
Microcellular injection molding process for producing lightweight thermoplastic polyurethane with customizable
Thomas ELLINGHAM, Hrishikesh KHARBAS, Mihai MANITIU, Guenter SCHOLZ, Lih-Sheng TURNG
期刊论文
Combustion characteristics of a direct-injection diesel engine fueled with Fischer-Tropsch diesel
HUANG Yongcheng, ZHOU Longbao, PAN Keyu
期刊论文